Part IV: Cosmology

Explore the origin, evolution, and ultimate fate of the universe. From the Big Bang to cosmic expansion, dark matter, and dark energy, cosmology addresses the deepest questions about realityโ€” questions that astrophysics is uniquely positioned to answer.

Chapters in This Part

Chapter 13

The Big Bang & Cosmic Expansion

Journey back to the universe's first moments. Understand cosmic expansion, the cosmic microwave background radiation, and how we measure the universe's expansion rate today.

Chapter 14

Dark Matter & Dark Energy

Probe the universe's greatest mysteries. What is dark matter that fills galaxy halos? What is dark energy driving accelerated expansion? These unknowns comprise 95% of the universe!

Chapter 15

The Early Universe

Explore cosmic inflation, the formation of the first atoms, primordial nucleosynthesis, and the birth of the first stars and galaxies.

Chapter 16

The Future of the Universe

Peer into the cosmic future. Will the universe expand forever? Eventually collapse? What are the ultimate fates of stars, galaxies, and all matter?

Coming Soon

Full content for Part IV is currently in development. We're preparing comprehensive chapters on modern cosmology and the universe's deepest mysteries.

Check back soon for detailed explorations of the cosmos from birth to ultimate fate!